排矸区沙棘复垦及沙棘果深加工的研究

从4个方面分别对鹤岗矿区矸石排放区栽植沙棘的技术、利用价值、深加工技术流程及其生态效益和社会效益做了介绍.     

Safety of Improved Milbond-TX When Fed in Broiler Diets Limiting in Available Phosphorus or Containing Variable Levels of Metabolizable Energy

Improved Milbond-TX (IMTX), a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate, was added to broiler diets at 0, 1, or 2% in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, three concentrations of available P, 0.22, 0.32, and 0.42%, were combined with the IMTX in isocaloric and isonitrogenous corn-soybean meal-based diets and fed to male broilers for 21 d. In experiment 2, the IMTX was added to isonitrogenous broiler diets calculated to contain 2,940, 3,020, or 3,100 kcal of ME/kg and also fed for 21 d. Deficient dietary P reduced feed intake and BW at 7, 14, and 21 d of age, but IMTX had no effect even when fed at 8 times the amount recommended by the manufacturer (0.25%) to ameliorate the toxic effects of feed mycotoxins. Similarly, increasing the energy level of the diet resulted in improved BW and feed conversion, but IMTX fed at 8 times the amount recommended by the manufacturer had no detrimental effect on chick performance. There was no interaction found between IMTX and energy or available P for any performance measure. Addition of IMTX to the diet above the recommended concentration of the manufacturer also had no detrimental effect on percentage of toe ash or excreta moisture.     

贵州典型地区放牧肉山羊营养状况调查

贵州典型地区比较适宜于山羊的养殖。通过对放牧肉山羊营养状况的初步调查发现,肉山羊的蛋白质营养水平偏低;在矿物质方面,存在钠的不足,铁、铜处于临界状态,钙、镁、硒、锰、锌则不缺乏。对于快速生长的幼山羊和泌乳母羊也应注意钙的补充。     

煤焦油瓷漆防腐管道机械化生产与涂敷质量

煤焦油瓷漆作为良好的管道防腐材料已得到了广泛的使用。在施工作业中，采用人工浇涂的方法，不仅作业时间长，污染环境，而且涂敷质量难以保证，还造成了大量人力，物力，财力的浪费；采用机械化自动涂敷则具有明显的优势。     

An evaluation of Colwell‐P as a measure of plant‐available phosphorus in soils of volcanic and non‐volcanic origins in the highlands of Papua New Guinea

Various soil test methods including Olsen, Colwell, Bray and Truog have been used to assess the levels of plant‐available P (PAP) in soils situated in the highlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Up until now, though, there has been no guarantee that these tests provide valid assessments of PAP in these somewhat atypical organic matter‐rich tropical soils. Furthermore, the critical soil‐P concentrations associated with the tests have been based on studies conducted elsewhere in sub‐tropical and temperate latitudes and as such may or may not be valid for soils or cropping situations in PNG. Soil (Colwell)‐P and leaf‐P data collected during a recent survey of sweet potato gardens in the highlands of PNG were therefore used to determine if useful relationships existed between these variables for different groups of soils, and if they do, to use these relationships to evaluate critical soil Colwell‐P concentrations corresponding to a known critical concentration of P in sweet potato index leaf tissue. Separate, highly significant linear relationships were obtained between leaf‐P and Colwell‐P for soils of volcanic and non‐volcanic origins. Based on these relationships, the critical Colwell‐P concentration for volcanic soils was found to be four times greater than that for non‐volcanic soils, presumably because much of the P extracted from the former soils with alkaline sodium bicarbonate had been chemically ‘fixed’ via sorption and precipitation reactions with sesquioxides and rendered unavailable to plants at ambient soil pH. These critical Colwell‐P concentrations if adopted as benchmark values for the soil groups in question should ensure that the results of future soil fertility surveys involving Colwell‐P assessments are correctly interpreted.     

海湾泥 碱渣和粉煤灰作为园林种植基质的氮素生理类群及生化作用研究

海湾泥、碱渣和粉煤灰是天津滨海地区大量存在的固体废弃物,通过前期室内配比筛选、盆栽试验、田间试验表明其混合基质可以用于园林绿化,并在防护林建设中获得成功.以滨海盐土、客土绿地为对照,对通过脱盐、培肥、种植毛白杨、刺槐、洋白蜡、金银木、紫花苜蓿等园林植物后基质的氨化细菌、好气性自身固氮菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌、纤维素分解菌等土壤氮素生理类群的数量进行了研究,同时对呼吸作用、氨化作用强度以及二者与土壤微生物数量、理化性质进行了相关性分析.结果表明,基质的氮素生理类群数量高于或与客土绿地相当,明显高于滨海盐土.呼吸作用高于客土绿地和滨海盐土,氨化作用强度与客土绿地相当,说明混合基质的氮素转化、有机物质的矿化能力以及基质整体的代谢水平好于客土绿地.土壤呼吸作用强度与土壤盐分呈极显著负相关,与细菌数量呈显著正相关.氨化作用强度与全氮、全磷、有机质含量、细菌和真菌数量呈极显著正相关,与放线菌呈显著正相关,与速效钾、盐分呈显著负相关.     

徐州矿区采煤塌陷地综合利用途径分析

采煤塌陷对徐州的地质地貌、生态环境产生了影响和破坏。根据徐州矿区采煤塌陷地的类型特点,分析了采煤塌陷地的综合利用途径,提出了采煤塌陷地农业综合开发的建议。     

绒毛白蜡插条不定根的发生及其影响因素

分别以绒毛白蜡1年生苗干和3年生苗干作材料，研究了插条不定根的解剖学特征和形态特征，以及影响不定根发生的因素。结果表明：绒毛白蜡插条不定根起源于形成层周围，内与木质部连接，向外穿过皮层而延伸。不定根在插条上呈散生状态，插条下切口处，形成的不定根较多，但无典型的愈伤组织生根现象，光照、插壤和不同的激素处理都影响不定根的发生。     

Fenton氧化-粉煤灰处理造纸废水的研究

采用Fenton氧化和粉煤灰吸附两级工艺,研究其对造纸厂废水处理的效果。结果表明,在pH值为3,H2O2投加量为2.5mL/L,FeSO4投加量为150mg/L时,Fenton氧化对废水COD的去除率达86%,色度去除率达90%。粉煤灰的投加量为300g/L,吸附时间为3h,COD的去除率可达68%。     

粉煤灰改良砂姜黑土对冬小麦田生态因子的影响

1997年—1999年通过桶栽试验研究了粉煤灰改良砂姜黑土对冬小麦田生态因子的影响。结果表明，粉煤灰施入砂姜黑土降低了土壤的容重、比重及土壤的粘粒含量，增加了土壤的总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和土壤饱和导水率。并分别得出土壤容重、比重、毛管孔隙度和饱和导水率与粉煤灰用量的模拟方程。同时，也对土壤温度、土壤含水量及土壤微生物数量在整个生育时期的变化动态进行了研究。